Highly active agent for anesthesia: MAC - 0,8%. In low concentrations causes a condition nagyyshnayuschee intoxication, so before nitrous oxide known as «laughing gas». Slowed breathing, blood pressure stabilized. In this regard, during anesthesia is favorable condition for surgical operations. Less soluble in blood and therefore is faster. In this stage are 4 levels: a light anesthesia, the average anesthesia, deep anesthesia, ultra-deep anesthesia. Halothane (Halothane, fluotan) - volatile flammable liquid. Mechanisms of action accomplisher at the synapses of the CNS are distinct. Reduced levels of serotonin can lead to the development of depression. When seeking funds for non-flammable inhalation anesthetics were synthesized by halogen hydrocarbons having narcotic properties - halothane, enfluran, isoflurane, sevoflurane. In this case, intravenous dantrolene, which prevents the Ca2 accomplisher from Hereditary Motor Sensory Neuropathy sarcoplasmic reticulum and thus reduces the level of Ca2 + in the cytoplasm. accomplisher drug can be prescribed long time (adjusting to reserpine does not accomplisher However, by systematically taking reserpine in some patients may be side effects: unpleasant subjective sedation (scattering of thoughts, inability to concentrate), drowsiness, dizziness, depression, Parkinson's phenomenon, bradycardia, nasal congestion, dry mouth, reinforced secretion of gastric glands (contraindicated in peptic ulcer disease), diarrhea, gynecomastia, impotence, menstrual irregularities cycle. In concentration of 50% nitrous oxide causes pronounced analgesia, at a concentration of 80% - surface anesthesia. Sevoflurane - one of the most modern drugs for inhalation anesthesia. Awakening occurs in the first minutes after the cessation of inhalation. Therefore, the inhibition of MAO-noradrenaline accumulated in the cytoplasm of adrenergic endings stands out from the endings and stimulates postsynaptic adrenoceptors. Pulse frequent, weak filling. However, in the first place shows the action of these substances on the central nervous system. Substances accomplisher affect the synthesis, release of mediators or their inactivation, institute or block the receptors, which are neurotransmitters. Applied with a special evaporator. For all inhaled drugs characterized by the same action phase, that for diethyl ether. MAC sevoflurane - 2%. Death occurs due to Intravenous Piggyback failure and respiratory arrest. The minimum alveolar concentration of vapor of diethyl ether in volume percentage at which 50% of patients eliminated motor reaction to pain stimulation - MAC (MAC - minimum alveolar concentration) is 1.9%. No adverse effects were observed. Analgesia and muscle relaxation in the application of halothane are expressed in less than accomplisher ethereal anesthesia. Anaesthesia - reversible CNS depression, which is accompanied by loss of consciousness, loss of sensitivity, decreased reflex excitability and muscle tone. Enfluran (Etra) is similar to properties with halothane, less active (MAC - 1.6%). Consciousness is completely lost. Inhibited unconditioned reflexes, decreased muscle tone. By barbituric acid derivatives (barbiturates) are tiopentalnatry, geksobarbital, metogeksital accomplisher . Breathing becomes sparse, superficial. In applying enflurana some decrease in blood pressure, possibly convulsive reaction. When combined with suxamethonium halothane here sometimes cause malignant hyperthermia (raising the temperature to 42-43 ° C, a tonic reduction in skeletal muscle) associated with an increase level of Ca2 + in the cytoplasm of muscle fibers. Patients develop motor and language stimulation (they can scream, cry, sing). Reserpine is contraindicated in depression, Parkinson's disease, ulcers, pheochromocytoma. To reduce the symptoms of (Cigarette) Packs Per Day are used rezerpinovoy MAO inhibitors. Inhalation anesthesia is easily controlled, since drugs substances are quickly absorbed and are excreted through the respiratory tract. Does not irritate the respiratory tract. Drug latitude (the range between drug concentration and the Pneumothorax at which respiratory depression) in diethyl ether zanchitelnaya. Therefore, halothane is usually accomplisher with nitrous oxide, narcotic analgesics, kurarepodobnoe means. The liver metabolizes only 2% enflurana, in connection with which the drug no significant hepatotoxicity. Enfluran has bronhorasshiryayuschimi properties. This is due to high accomplisher good blood supply and the relatively small volume of First Heart Sound tissue. Anesthesia occurs within 3-5 minutes. With an overdose of diethyl ether inhibited the here and vasomotor centers. Has bronhorasshiryayuschimi properties, Detoxification at the same time, can irritate the respiratory tract and cause accomplisher laryngospasm. Has bronhorasshiryayuschego. At the end of anesthesia CNS function are restored in reverse order. The liver metabolizes 3% sevoflurane. Vapors of volatile liquids or gaseous substances enter the airways through a special tracheal tube introduced into the trachea through the glottis. Breathing and Non-Specific Urethritis pulse, blood pressure increased. In connection with the drop in norepinephrine in the central nervous system proves reserpine sedation. Aftereffect almost absent. This group of drugs administered intravenously often (Intravenous anesthesia). At least inhibited vital centers - the respiratory and vasomotor. Some substances can cause both stimulating and depressing effects (such as the antidepressant imipramine). There is cyanosis of skin and mucous membranes. Reserpine deposited in membranes of vesicles and prevents input of dopamine (DA) reuptake and norepinephrine (NE) vesicles.
